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General Motors
Company Overview
General Motors GMT800 truck assembly line.
In 2009, General Motors employs about 244,500 people worldwide. The Renaissance Center in Detroit, Michigan, United States, is the world headquarters General Motors. In 2008, GM sold 8.35 million cars and trucks worldwide. GM is the majority shareholder in GM Daewoo Auto & Technology Co., Korea South and has collaborations with Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation of China, AvtoVAZ of Russia, and, more recently, Uzavtosanoat Uzbekistan. GM has had collaborations with various car manufacturers like Fiat (see GM / Fiat Premium platform) and Ford Motor Company. [Citation needed] GM retains various stakes in various manufacturers. continued success of General Motors has been internationally unquestionbly its performance in China, GM's sales rose 66.9% in 2009, selling of 1.83 million vehicles, accounting for 13.4% of the market.
GM has received loans from European governments in 2009 and has reduced its participation in European activities in connection with its reorganization. "As of July 10, 2009, the new GM has more than 40 B in cash, the total liability company reorganization of 48.8 million B B includes 24.4 million payable to the Association of Voluntary Benefits Employees (VEBA) trust, B $ 9 for U.S. and Canadian governments, and $ 15 B in liabilities to suppliers and other bills. GM is expected of $ 10 million to the VEBA Trust B in December 2009, the remainder being paid in installments 2012-19. GM is not required to make contributions to its fund retirement until 2013, but may choose to require, as the company contributed to B 15.2 million in its pension fund in 2003. market conditions Because the stock fund's value to fluctuate. In February 2009, GM's pension fund had about 85 combined assets of $ B $ 56B of assets for pensions schedule and $ 29B of assets for employee pensions. The domain gm.com attracted at least 7 million visitors annually by 2008.
GM sales worldwide vehicles by country 2008
(In thousands)
Standings
in GM
Country
Vehicle
Sales
Market
Share (%)
Standings
in GM
Country
Vehicle
Sales
Market
Share (%)
1
United States
2,981
22.1%
9
Australia
133
13.1%
2
China
1,095
12.0%
10
Republic of Korea
117
9.7%
3
Brazil
549
19.5%
11
France
114
4.4%
4
United Kingdom
384
15.4%
12
Spain
107
7.8%
5
Canada
359
21.4%
13
Argentina
95
15.5%
6
Russia
338
11.1%
14
Venezuela
91
33.3%
7
Germany
300
8.8%
15
Colombia
80
36.3%
8
Mexico
212
19.8%
16
India
66
3.3%
Top 4 market / region by vehicle sales in 2008 (in thousands)
1
North America
3,552
21.9%
3
The European Union
905
12.3%
2
China
1,095
12.0%
4
South America
815
20.8%
Structure
See also: Cadillac, Buick, GMC (Automobile), Chevrolet, List GM plants, and the list of GM engines
General Motors is structured into the following operating groups:
Group
Number of employees
March 2009
GMAP (GM Asia-Pacific)
33,000
GME (GM Europe)
55,000
GM LAAM (GM Latin America, Africa and the Middle East)
33,000
GMNA (GM North America)
112,000
Other operations
2,000
Total Employees
235,000
Management
The Renaissance Center in Detroit, Michigan, is the world headquarters General Motors.
On July 23, 2009, GM announced its new board of directors: Daniel F. Akerson, David Bonderman, Robert D. Krebs, Patricia F. Russo and Ed Whitacre (GM Chairman and interim CEO) Board members who are not GM employees will be paid 200,000 dollars per year.
On December 1, 2009, General Motors Board of Directors accepted the resignation of Frederick Henderson. In January 2010, Chairman Ed Whitacre has been named permanent CEO after previously being appointed on an interim basis.
On December 4, 2009, GM has announced leadership changes in a press release.
Edward Whitacre, Jr. – Chairman Board of Directors and CEO
Robert A. Lutz – Vice-President, Advisor on design and development Global Product
Chris Liddell – Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thomas G. Stephens – Vice President Global Product Operations
Mark Reuss – President, GM North America
David N. Reilly – President, GM Europe
Timothy E. Lee – President, GM International Operations (Asia-Pacific, Americas Latin America, Africa and the Middle East)
Ray Young – Vice President, International Operations
Edward T. Welburn – Vice President Global Design, General Motors, current and only the sixth head designer.
For more senior management see GM Senior Leadership Group
General Motors is a conglomerate.
History
Main article: History of General Motors
General Motors was founded September 16, 1908, in Flint, Michigan as a holding company for Buick, then controlled by William C. Durant. It acquired Oldsmobile later years. In 1909, Durant in Cadillac, Elmore, Oakland and several others. Also in 1909, General Motors acquired the Reliance Motor Truck Company of Owosso, Michigan, and fast motor Vehicle Company Pontiac, Michigan, the predecessors of GMC Truck. During lost control of GM in 1910 to trust a bank, due to the large amount of debt taken in its acquisitions coupled with a collapse in sales of new vehicles. A few years later, Durant started the Chevrolet Motor Car Company and by what he secretly bought a majority stake in GM. Durant regained control of the company after a proxy wars most dramatic in the history of American business. In General Motors Company and reorganized in General Motors Corporation. Shortly after, he has lost control again, this time for good after the new vehicle market collapsed. Alfred P. Sloan has been chosen to support society and led to its domination after the World War. This unprecedented growth of GM last in the early 1980s when it employed 349,000 workers and operates 150 factories for assembly.
GM already leading the worldwide sales of 77 consecutive years (1931-2008), more than any other manufacturer.
Chapter 11 reorganization
Main article: GM's Chapter 11 reorganization
On July 10, 2009, a new entity, NGMCO Inc. has purchased the operations courses and trademarks of General Motors Corporation. The purchasing company in turn changed its name NGMCO Inc. General Motors Company, which marks the emergence a new operation of "prepackaged" Chapter 11 reorganization. Under the reorganization process, called the sale 363 (for Article 363 which is in Title 11, Chapter 3, Subchapter IV of the Code of the United States, part of the Bankruptcy Code), the purchaser of the assets of a company in bankruptcy proceedings is able to obtain approval for the purchase of the court before the submission of a plan of reorganization, free of liens and other claims. It was used in most Chapter 11 cases involving the sale of property or other assets. This process is typical large organizations of intellectual property and trade mark rights issues in bankruptcy exit. The new company plans to publish an initial public offering (IPO) of shares in 2010.
GM remains the claims of creditors of pre-petition "are taken from the remaining assets of General Motors Company Liquidation, the new name of the former General Motors Corporation, although the directors of this company think its liabilities outweigh its assets. This means that if the bondholders of the old GM can recover a small part of their investment, the former shareholders of GM (now shareholders Motors Corporation Liquidation) will probably not receive anything.
Also July 10, 2009, GM announced its intention to reduce its workforce by 20,000 employees of the United States as part of its reorganization by the end of the year 2009 due to economic conditions.
The following table is a comparison (estimates) of the new GM and former GM:
Former GM (before July 10, 2009)
New GM (after July 10, 2009)
Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet GMDaewoo (48.2%), GMC, Holden, Hummer, Oldsmobile, Opel, Pontiac, Saab, Saturn, Vauxhall
Brands
Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMDaewoo (70.1%), GMC, Holden, Opel, Vauxhall
5,900
Dealers U.S.
3,600
Common shareholders, holders bonds and secured creditors
Owner
The U.S. Treasury Crown in Right of Canada, Old Bond GM and the UAW
47
Plants of the United States
34
U.S. $ 94.7 B
Debt
U.S. $ 17 B
91,000
employees of the United States
68,500
North America
focus on core brand
In North America, GM will focus primarily on its four main brands Chevrolet, Cadillac, Buick, GMC and selling, by abandonment or reduction of its other brands. The White House has described the restructuring of GM as a change to a new leaner, greener GM, which will aim to achieve equilibrium with annual sales much lower than previously indicated. Obama said the restructuring "will mark the end of an old GM, and the beginning of a new GM, a new GM who can produce high quality, safe and fuel efficient cars of tomorrow that can lead America toward a future energy independent, and is once again a symbol of American success. "
In mid-2005, GM announced that his company chrome emblem "Mark of Excellence" which began to appear on all 2006 and recently introduced a new model vehicles produced and sold in North America. However, in 2009, "New GM" reversed the decision, saying that the focus on its four main brands dictate minimize the GM name.
The production of SUVs and trucks cons car
In the late 1990's, the U.S. economy was up and GM and Ford gained share market producing enormous profits primarily from the sale of light trucks and sport utility vehicles.
After September 11, a decrease in stocks caused serious market crisis of pension funds and benefits underfunding. GM began its Keep America campaign Rolling, which boosted sales, automakers and others have been forced to follow suit. The U.S. automakers saw sales increase costs of leverage that gross margins deteriorated.
In 2004, GM redirected resources development of new sedans to an accelerated refurbishment of their vans and SUVs for introduction as 2007 models in early 2006. Shortly after this decision, fuel prices rose more than 50%, which in turn has affected trade in value of used vehicles and the perceived desirability of new offerings in these market segments. The marketing plan is underway All of these vehicles as offering substantially revised the best fuel economy in their class (of vehicle). GM says its hybrid trucks have fuel savings of 25%.
Sales
U.S. sales figures
Year Calendar
Total sales of United States
Chg / yr.
1998
4,603,991
1999
5,017,150
9.0%
2000
4,953,163
1.3%
2001
4,904,015
1.0%
2002
4,858,705
0.9%
2003
4,756,403
2.1%
2004
4,707,416
1.0%
2005
4,517,730
4.0%
2006
4,124,645
8.7%
2007
3,866,620
6.3%
2008
2,980,688
22.9%
2009
2,084,492
30.1%
In 2005, GM promoted sales through an "employee discounts" to all buyers. Marketed under the lowest possible price, GM allowed an accumulation of stocks of 2005 models to make room for its 2006 programming.
Sales SUV
In 2008, gasoline prices rising rapidly resulted in a 30% drop-off in sales of SUVs. These were the most profitable products of GM often return profits of $ 10,000 to $ 15,000 per vehicle. SUV sales have been declining since 2004, and May 2008, a US $ 2 billion for a new SUV platform, CXX program, was canceled. During first 6 months of 2008, GM lost 18.8 billion dollars in late October, its shares have dropped 76%, and was considering a merger with Chrysler. In just 12 months (October 2007-2008), sales of GM in the U.S. fell by 45 percent. GM concentration on the SUV as a profit center in dates from 1990.
General Motors Factory (Arlington, Texas) produces its largest SUVs. Tuesday, December 23, 2008, the Janesville plant in Wisconsin, which produces the Chevrolet Tahoe Suburban, and GMC Yukon, and Moraine, Ohio plant that produced the Chevrolet Blazer and GMC Envoy idling production. GM has not yet confirmed future plans Products for idle facilities.
Sales of small cars
"Under General Motors Company (GM) 's restructuring, it plans to revive one of its plants in the United States slowed for the production of a small car (Plants in the study included an in or near the car in and Orion Township busville Michigan, one in Wisconsin and one in Tennessee, plant in Michigan was finally selected to be revived, but only from 1200 to 3400 from a former job will be left). The new small car will add to a group of small fuel-efficient vehicles and the company plans to deploy in the near future. The plant will be reorganized in a position to build 160,000 cars a year, including vehicles smaller and more compact.
Canada
In March 2005, the Crown Council of Canada provided C $ 200 million in incentives from General Motors for its Ontario plants to expand production and create jobs, according to Jim Harris. [Citation needed] Similar incentives were promised to non-North American companies of the automobile as Toyota. The Ontario Premier Dalton McGuinty said the money pledged for the project by the provincial Crown in Ontario and the federal government has been well spent.
China
The Buick brand is particularly strong in China, led by the Buick Excelle subcompact. The last Emperor of China owned a Buick. The Cadillac brand has been introduced into China in 2004 from imports from the United States. GM pushed the marketing of the Chevrolet brand in China in 2005 and, moving the former Buick Sail to this brand. The company manufactures most of its China market vehicles locally by Shanghai GM, a joint venture with the Chinese company SAIC, which was created March 25, 1997. The GM plant in Shanghai was inaugurated on December 15, 1998, when the first Buick built by the Chinese came out of assembly lines. The Automobile SAIC-GM-Wuling joint venture is also successful selling trucks and vans under the Wuling brand (34% GM).
GM plans to invest 250 million dollars to create a research center in Shanghai to develop hybrid cars and vehicles alternative fuel. [Citation needed]
Labour Relations
Article: 2007 strike at General Motors
On September 24, 2007 General Motors workers represented by United Auto Workers union has on the first national strike against GM since 1970. The ripple effect of the strike reached in Canada the next day that two car assembly plants and a transmission facility were forced to close. Night a tentative agreement was reached, however, and officials said the UAW strike ends in a news conference at 4:00 on September 26. The very next day, all GM workers in both countries were back at work.
A new labor contract was ratified by UAW members exactly one week after the tentative agreement was reached, through a majority vote of 62%. In the contract products are more job guarantees extended in the next decade. A major future GM, Chevrolet Volt, was promised to the GM Poletown / Detroit-Hamtramck plant in 2010. Also included is a VEBA (Voluntary Employee Beneficiary Association) which will transfer the obligations of retiree health care to the UAW by 2010. This eliminates more than 50 billion dollars in the tab GM's health. It will be financed by $ 30 billion in cash and 1.4 billion in GM stock paid to the UAW over the next four years Contract. It also eliminates 70% of the labor cost gap with Japanese competitors from GM.
Strike at American Axle and Manufacturing Holdings Inc. will mean the loss of production of an additional 230,000 vehicles in the second quarter with an estimated 1.8 billion impact on earnings before tax, and total cost of $ 2.81 billion strike.
In collaboration with the United Auto Workers, GM created a joint venture dedicated to the quality of life needs of employees in 1985. UAW-GM Center for Human Resources Detroit is dedicated to providing employees of GM and GM employees UAW members programs and services related to medical care, diversity issues, education, training and tuition assistance, and programs related to family concerns and professional, in addition to medicine traditional labor-management and security partnership.
2008 Canadian Auto Workers bargaining
In an unusual move, GM Canada and the Canadian Auto Workers (CAW) have ratified a collective bargaining contract in May 2008, four months before the expiry the existing contract. Under the agreement, among other production commitments, GM pledged to maintain production at the plant Oshawa, Ontario truck. Less than three weeks later, GM announced that gasoline prices and declining truck sales have made it necessary to close some truck and SUV plants, including the Oshawa pickup. In response, members of the CAW organized a blockade of 12-day siege GM Canada. After further discussions with the CAW, GM has agreed to compensate workers for the truck plant and product commitments plant Car Assembly.
Labour costs
GM announced the withdrawal of benefits Health lifetime of about 100,000 white-collar retirees at the end of 2008.
Auto Racing
General Motors has a long history in many forms of racing. In particular, the Chevrolet Corvette has long been popular and successful in the race on international road. GM is also a supplier of racing components, such as engines, transmissions and electronics.
platform GM Oldsmobile Aurora engine has succeeded in the Indy Racing League (IRL) in the 1990s, winning many races in the small V-8 class. GM also done much work in the development of electronics for GM racing. An unmodified Aurora V-8 in the Aerotech, captured 47 world records, including the record for speed endurance in the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America. Recently, the Cadillac V-Series has entered motorsports racing. GM also used a lot of cars in American racing series NASCAR. Currently, the Chevrolet Impala is the only entry in the series, but in the past, Pontiac Grand Prix, Buick Regal, Oldsmobile Cutlass, Chevrolet Lumina, Chevrolet Malibu and the Chevrolet Monte Carlo was also used.
In passenger cars (mainly in Europe), Vauxhall is a key player and former champion of the British Touring Car Championship (BTCC) series and competition Vauxhall Vectra with a Super 2000 spec, but announced their intention to retire at the end of 2009. Opel used to participate in the DTM series and also in the years 1980 in the World Rally Championship and Rally Series with other Group B Opel Manta Spec front of this class of rallying was banned. Chevrolet competes with a Chevrolet Cruze in the FIA World Touring Car Championship (WTCC). Tempus Sport and RML also Lacetti in competition with private management in the BTCC.
In Australia, there is the prestigious V8 Supercar Championship which is fought by the two main rivals of Holden and Ford. The current Holden Racing Team cars are based on the Holden Commodore and operate a 6.3-liter V8 engine cylinder of 635 hp (474 kW). These cars have a maximum speed of 294 kmh (183 mph) and run 0100 km per hour in 3.8 seconds. Holden Racing Team is the most popular team in Australia in Australian Touring Car history. In 2006 and 2007 Drivers Championship was won by the team very closely related HSV Dealer.
alternative propulsion initiatives
The company has long worked on alternative technology vehicles, and recently led the ethanol industry is burning fuel flexible vehicles that can run on either E85 (ethanol) or gasoline. The company was the first to use turbochargers and was an early proponent of V6 engines in the 1960s, but quickly lost interest in the muscle car race took root. They demonstrated Vehicle gas turbine powered by kerosene, an area of interest in the industry, but dropped the engine configuration replacement for the 1973 oil crisis. In the years 1970 and 1980, GM has pushed the benefits of diesel engines and cylinder deactivation technologies with disastrous results due to poor durability in the Oldsmobile diesels and conduct issues in engines Cadillac-6-4 variable cylinder V8. In 1987, GM, in collaboration with AeroVironment built the Sunrayce, who won the first World Solar Challenge and was a showcase of advanced technology. Much of the technology Sunrayce found its way into the Impact prototype electric vehicle (also built by AeroVironment) and was the predecessor of the EV1 from General Motors.
GM has supported a compromise version of the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) increase the level of 27 mpg-US (8.7 L/100 km, 32 mpg-imp) to 35 mpg-US (6.7 L/100 km, 42 mpg-imp), the first increase in 20 years.
Hybrid Electric initiative
Main Products: Plug-in hybrid and Chevrolet Volt
Plug-in hybrid Chevrolet Volt.
Chevrolet Tahoe Hybrid 2009.
In May 2004, GM delivered the first full size Worldwide micro hybrids, 1/2-ton Silverado / Sierra. These hybrids do not use electricity for propulsion, like the drawings more later, MM. In 2005, the Opel Astra Diesel Hybrid concept vehicle was introduced. The 2006 Saturn Vue Green Line was the first passenger car hybrid GM and is also a lightweight design. GM has hinted at new hybrid technologies to be employed as will be optimized for higher speeds highway driving.
GM currently offers two types of hybrid systems. The first type, used in the Saturn Vue, Saturn Aura and Chevrolet Malibu, is what GM calls the system a type of hybrid BAS mild hybrid that was canceled in 2009. The hybrid drive system seconds Co-developed with Daimler AG and BMW, is called "Two-Mode Hybrid." Two-mode is used by the Chevrolet Tahoe / GMC Yukon and will be used later on the Saturn Vue (canceled), Cadillac Escalade, GM pickups and 1/2-ton possibly other vehicles.
Current GM electric hybrid models:
2009 Saturn Vue Green Line Hybrid (discontinued)
2009 Saturn Aura Green Line Hybrid (discontinued)
2009 GMC Yukon Hybrid
2009 Chevrolet Malibu Hybrid (Discontinued)
2009 Chevrolet Tahoe Hybrid
2009 Cadillac Escalade Hybrid
2009 Chevrolet Silverado Hybrid
2009 GMC Sierra Hybrid
GM recently introduced the concept cars Chevrolet Volt and Opel Flextreme, which are electric vehicles with emergency generators, run on gasoline, E85, or fuel cells. GM says the production Chevrolet Volt will be available by the end of 2010 as a 2011 model.
GM Magic Bus is a bus hybrid.
GM sold 843 hybrids of all types during the first quarter of 2008, according to the newspaper industry automobile News. Compare that with Ford, which sold 5,225 hybrids during that time. CSM Worldwide, expects GM to significantly increase its hybrid production, turning the automaker into a serious contender in the coming years. He expects it to produce 40,000 to 50,000 hybrids this year, more than doubled last year's production.
All electric vehicles
Main article: General Motors EV1
EV1 electric car shown connected to the charging station
GM was the first American company (in modern times) to release an all electric car. In 1990, GM debuted the revolutionary concept car "Impact" at the Auto Show in Los Angeles. It was the first zero-emissions car sold United States for over three decades. The Impact has finally been produced as the EV1 for model year 1996. It is available from distributors located only in some regions (eg California, Arizona, Georgia). The vehicles were leased rather than sold to individuals. In 2003, GM has decided to cease production of vehicles.
General Motors has announced it is building a prototype two-seater electric vehicle with Segway. A first prototype of the personal mobility in urban and accessibility vehicleubbed PUMA – will be showcased in New York a day ahead of schedule to release the 2009 New York International Auto Show.
Plug-in hybrids
Main article: Plug-in hybrids
On September 16, 2008, as part celebration of its 100th birthday, GM unveiled the "production" version of the Chevrolet Volt at GM headquarters in Detroit.
Batteries for electric vehicles
GM will build batteries from LG Chem in Michigan. GM also plans to build a laboratory of automotive batteries in Michigan. GM will have full responsibility for all battery management systems and power electronics. The company will build a new plant in Michigan, but a specific site has not been announced yet, partly because the negotiations are underway with state and local authorities on financial incentives and customary approvals. LG Chem subsidiary of United States, Compact Power of Troy, Michigan was the construction of prototype vehicles packs for development and will continue to provide support for integration and acting as agent liaison for the program.
Hydrogen Initiative
Sequel, a vehicle GM's fuel cell.
GM has prided its research and prototype development of hydrogen powered vehicles, production in early 2010, using a supporting infrastructure still in a prototype stage. The economic feasibility of hydrogen cars technically difficult, and low cost production of hydrogen for fuel, was also examined by automakers such as Ford and Chrysler.
In June 2007, Larry Burns, vice president of research and development, said he has not yet prepared to say exactly when hydrogen vehicles will be mass produced, but he said he expected to happen before 2020, the year Experts have predicted many. He said: "I would be disappointed if we were not there" before 2020.
Flexible fuel vehicles
North American market
The E85 FlexFuel Chevrolet Impala LT 2009.
GM produces more flexible fuel vehicles that can run on E85 ethanol or gasoline or any mixture of both. Since 2006, GM started with a bright yellow gas cap to remind drivers of the E85 capability, and also Using the badging "Ethanol Flexfuel/E85" text to clearly mark the car as an FFV E85.
GM is the leading North American E85 flexible fuel vehicles, with over 3 million FlexFuel vehicles on the road in the U.S. In 2009, GM offers 18 cars to flex-fuel ethanol and allowed trucks to the United States, producing over one million new vehicles flex. GM's goal is to have half of their annual vehicle production E85 or biodiesel be capable by 2012.
Despite significant amount of flex fuel vehicles sold in the United States and Canada, the percentage of users using ethanol has been made very low, because many homeowners are not aware they had a E85 or E85 flex enough fueling stations are available nearby, with the exception of the Corn Belt states, where there is a large concentration of E85 stations, as more corn ethanol is produced. A 2005 survey revealed that 68% of Americans own cars flex-fuel did not know they had a E85 flex. Several critics have argued that GM and other U.S. automakers have produced models E85 flex attributed to shortcomings in the CAFE (Corporate Average Fuel Economy) requirements, which allows a fuel economy credit for every flex-fuel vehicle sold, whether or not in practice, these vehicles are fueled with E85. This flaw could have allowed the auto industry to achieve the CAFE fuel economy while spending between 100 USD to 200 USD that the cost to convert a conventional vehicle flex-fuel, without having to invest in new technologies to improve fuel economy, and saves them the potential fines for not meeting this standard in a given model year.
Brazilian market
Brazilian FlexPower Chevrolet Celta.
GM's largest overseas subsidiary General Motors do Brasil, which began production of flexible fuel vehicles since its inception in the Brazilian market in 2003. Like other vehicles flex-fuel in Brazil, GM cars flex fuel and light trucks are optimized to run on any blend of gasoline E20-E25 and up to 100% hydrated ethanol fuel (E100). GM launched its first flex fuel in June 2003, the Chevrolet Corsa 1.8 FlexPower, just two months after flex the first car was launched by another automaker in Brazil.
GM do Brasil has also presented MultiPower the engine in August 2004, which was capable of using compressed natural gas (CNG), ethanol and gasoline (E20-E25 mix) as fuel, and it was used in the multifuel Chevrolet Astra 2.0 2005 model, designed for local taxi market. The Brazilian unit GM Powertrain has also developed technology EconoFlex used for the first time in the Chevrolet Prisma 1.4, which allows the engine to maximize flex fuel fuel economy and power.
Due to the success and acceptance of rapid consumption flex versions, GM sold 192,613 vehicles and 135,636 flex fuel cars in 2005, jumping to 501,681 flex-fuel vehicles, while only 949 cars and 6834 trucks Light-duty gasoline were sold in 2007 and reaching sales of new cars 535.454 Flex Fuels in 2008, 97 percent of all cars and light trucks sold this year.
Philanthropy
Since 1996, General Motors was the exclusive source funding for Safe Kids USA to "Safe Kids Buckle Up, a national initiative to ensure child car safety through education and inspection. Through 2002, the PACE Awards program run by GM, EDS and Sun Microsystems, gave more than $ 1.2 billion in contributions in kind, which includes computers more than 18 universities to support the training of engineers. In 2009, GM led the group helped the PACE Awards program worldwide. General Motors is a major contributor to charity. In 2004, GM gave $ 51.2 million in cash and 17.2 million dollars in-kind donations to charitable causes.
Politics
In the 2008 election cycle, General Motors contributed $ 802 414, with 52% of that amount going to Democrats and 48% for Republicans. GM Saturn division to mount an exhibition at the 2009 Detroit Auto Show congratulate Barack Obama on his election as the first African American president of the United States.
The environment matters
In mid 1999, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has removed 23,000 cubic yards (18,000 m3) of contaminated sediments and soils at the site from General Motors Massena, New York for disposal in a licensed facility in Utah. The amount included 13,000 cubic yards (9,900 m3) of sediment contaminated dredged in the St. Lawrence. The sediments were stored at the site since 1995. There were also 10,000 cubic meters (7,600 m3) of contaminated sites sludge treatment plant wastewater active on the property of General Motors. Political Economy Research Institute is ranked 18th among the GM companies emitting air pollutants in the United States. The ranking is based on the amount of emissions (8 million pounds in 2005) and toxicity.
In September 2006, the State of California filed suit against General Motors, Chrysler, Nissan, Toyota, Honda and Ford. The companies were accused of producing cars that emit more than 289 million tons of carbon per year in the U.S. states, representing nearly 20% of carbon emissions in the U.S. and 30% of carbon emissions in California. This lawsuit was dismissed by a judge in September 2007.
The Union of Concerned Scientists ranked seventh General Motors of the largest manufacturers in the world eight in 2007 for environmental performance. The report GM noted that most vehicles manufactured up to 30 mpg-US (7.8 L/100 km, 36 mpg-imp) or better, but most vehicles less than 15 mpg-US (16 L/100 km, 18 mpg-imp).
Brands and subsidiaries
existing brands (2010)
Brand
Years used
Markets
Buick
1908resent
North America, China, Israel, Taiwan
Cadillac
1909resent
Global (except in South America, India, Southeast Asia, Australia)
GMC
1912resent
North America, Middle East
Chevrolet
1917resent
Global (except Australia)
Vauxhall
1925resent
United Kingdom
Opel
1929resent
Europe (except UK), Russia, Africa South, Middle East, Singapore
Holden
1948resent
Australia, New Zealand, Middle East (not Kuwait), South Korea, South Africa, United Kingdom
Daewoo
2002resent
South Korea, Latin America, Europe
dead brands
Welch (19031911)
Rainier (19051911)
Welch-Marquette (see Marquette)
Cartercar (19051915)
Elmore (19091912)
Fast truck (19091912)
Reliance Truck (19091912)
Welch-Detroit (19101911)
Marquette (1912)
Peninsular (1912) (see Marquette)
Samson Tractor (19171922)
Scripps-Booth (19171923)
Marquette (1930)
Oakland (19091931)
Viking (19291931)
LaSalle (19271940)
McLaughlin (19181942)
Yellow Coach (19251943)
Beaumont (19661969)
Ships (19601970)
Acadian (19621971)
Ranger (19681976)
Bedford Vehicles (19291987)
General Motors Diesel Division (19381987)
Passport (19881991)
Asna (1993)
Geo (19891997)
Oldsmobile (18932004)
Pontiac (1926-2010)
Saturn (19852010)
Hummer (19922010), after the sale has not Tengzhong Sichuan Heavy Industrial Machinery Company Ltd.
Brands sold
Frigidaire (19191979), sold to Ohio-based White Consolidated Industries
Lotus (19861993), sold ACBN Luxembourg Holdings SA
Saab (1989-2010), sold to Dutch supercar manufacturer Spyker Cars NV
Former members
Fiat (20002005), GM owned 20% in one go with option Sales
Fuji Heavy Industries, maker of Subaru (19992006), GM owned 20% at a time
Isuzu (19712006), GM owned 49% by a single
Suzuki (19812008), GM had over 20% in a single
Spin-offs
19502003 GM Defense was once part of General Motors Diesel Division and as General Dynamics Land Systems Division of General Dynamics
Electro Motive Division of General Motors also once part of General Motors Diesel Division and now known as Electro-Motive Diesel
Detroit Diesel Corporation sold to Penske, shattered and part sold to the former Daimler-Chrysler AG (now Daimler AG), which is now part of Daimler AG
Transit Division was sold to Motor Coach Industries and Transportation Manufacturing Corporation
RTS and the rights of conventional bus owned by MCI and TMC were sold to Nova Bus now produced by Millennium Transit Services
Diesel Division, General Motors of Canada Limited division and, later acquired by General Motors that Canada Diesel Division General Motors of Canada Limited
EDS Electronic Data Systems
Hughes Electronics (now The DIRECTV Group [Liberty Media]
1999 GM sold its parts-making operations that Delphi
Subsidiaries
AC Delco
Adam Opel GmbH
Vauxhall Motors
GMAC (less than 10%)
General Motors of Canada
General Motors do Brasil
General Motors India
Global Hybrid Cooperation
General Motors South Africa
GM-AvtoVAZ
GM Daewoo (70.1%)
General Motors Europe
GM Holden Ltd
GM Performance Division
GM Powertrain Europe
OnStar
Shanghai GM (50%)
SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile Joint venture in China.
See also
Business Portal
automotive
People
Wayne Cherry
John DeLorean
Peter S. Bridge
William C. During
Harley Earl
Robert Lutz
Irving Jacob Reuter
Alfred P. Sloan
Ray G. Young
Books and movies
Offer Final 1985 Canadian TV documentary in 1984 GM contract negotiations that led to the split union of the Canadian branch of the UAW.
Roger & Me 1989 American documentary film directed by independent filmmaker / author Michael Moore (his first). The film criticizes General Motors closed its factories in Moore's hometown of Flint, Michigan, despite record profits. After many residents lost jobs in Flint GM, Moore claims the town descends into economic chaos.
Who Killed the Electric Car? 2006 documentary film written and directed by Chris Paine, who explores the creation, marketing limited, and the subsequent destruction of the battery electric vehicle to United States, particularly the General Motors EV1 of the 1990s.
Industry Associations
Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers
United States Council for Automotive Research
Competitions
EcoCAR
Lists
List of engines GM
List of GM factories
List of GM platforms
List of GM transmissions
Category
GM vehicles by brand
Prosecution
Regulation GM instrument cluster
References
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^ 11 USC ch.3 subch.IV
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^ "Tabela 08 – Atacado Vendas Mercado Interno Empresa por Tipo e – Combustvel Flex Fuel – 2005 "(in Portuguese) (PDF). ANFAVEA – Associao Nacional dos Fabricantes of Automotores Veculos (Brazil). http://www.anfavea.com.br/tabelas2005/autoveiculos/tabela08_vendas.pdf. Retrieved 2009-04-16. See Table 08 for the flex-fuel sales and Table 07 for gasoline sales.
^ "Tabela 08 – Vendas Mercado Interno Atacado por Tipo e Empresa – Combustvel Flex Fuel – 2007" (in Portuguese) (PDF) ANFAVEA -.. Associao Nacional dos Fabricantes of Veculos Automotores (Brazil) http://www.anfavea.com.br/tabelas2007/autoveiculos/tabela08_vendas.pdf. Retrieved 2009-04-16. View Table 08 for the flex-fuel sales and Table 07 for gasoline sales.
^ "Tabela 08 – Vendas Mercado Interno Atacado por Tipo e Empresa – Combustvel Flex Fuel – 2008 "(in Portuguese) (PDF) ANFAVEA -. Associao Nacional dos Fabricantes of Veculos Automotores (Brazil) http://www.anfavea.com.br/tabelas2008/autoveiculos/tabela08_vendas. . pdf. Retrieved 2009-04-16. See Table
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I am China Manufacturers writer, reports some information about glove usb , cup and saucer holders.
